Q What is gum disease?
A Gum disease describes
swelling, soreness or infection of the tissues supporting the teeth. There
are two main forms of gum disease: gingivitis and periodontal disease.
Q What is gingivitis?
A Gingivitis means
inflammation of the gums. This is when the gums around the teeth
become very red and swollen. Often the swollen gums bleed when
they are brushed during cleaning.
Q What is periodontal disease?
A Long-standing gingivitis
can turn into periodontal disease. There are a number of types
of periodontal disease and they all affect the tissues supporting the
teeth. As the disease gets worse the bone anchoring the teeth in
the jaw is lost, making the teeth loose. If this is not treated,
the teeth may eventually fall out.
Q Am I likely to suffer from gum disease?
A Probably. Most
people suffer from some form of gum disease, and it is the major cause
of tooth loss in adults. However, the disease develops very slowly
in most people, and it can be slowed down to a rate that should allow
you to keep most of your teeth for life.
Q What is the cause of gum disease?
A All gum disease
is caused by plaque. Plaque is a film of bacteria, which forms
on the surface of the teeth and gums every day. Many of the bacteria
in plaque are completely harmless, but there are some that have been
shown to be the main cause of gum disease. To prevent and treat
gum disease, you need to make sure you remove all the plaque from your
teeth every day. This is done by brushing and flossing.
Q What happens if gum disease is not treated?
A Unfortunately, gum
disease progresses painlessly on the whole so that you do notice the
damage it is doing. However, the bacteria are sometimes more active
and this makes your gums sore. This can lead to gum abscesses,
and pus may ooze from around the teeth. Over a number of years,
the bone supporting the teeth can be lost. If the disease is left
untreated for a long time, treatment can become more difficult.
Q How do I know if I have gum disease?
A The first sign is
blood on the toothbrush or in the rinsing water when you clean your teeth. Your
gums may also bleed when you are eating, leaving a bad taste in your
mouth. Your breath may also become unpleasant.
Q What do I do if I think I have gum disease?
A The first thing
to do is visit your dentist for a thorough check-up of your teeth and
gums. The dentist can measure the ‘cuff’ of gum around
each tooth to see if there is any sign that periodontal disease has started. X-rays
may also be needed to see the amount of bone that has been lost. This
assessment is very important, so the correct treatment can be prescribed
for you.
Q What treatments are needed?
A Your dentist will usually give your
teeth a thorough clean. You’ll also be shown how to remove
plaque successfully yourself, cleaning all surfaces of your teeth thoroughly
and effectively. This may take a number of sessions with the dentist
or hygienist.
Q What else may be needed?
A Once your teeth are clean, your dentist
may decide to carry out further cleaning of the roots of the teeth, to
make sure that the last
pockets of bacteria are removed.
You’ll probably need the treatment
area to be numbered before
anything is done. Afterwards, you may feel some discomfort for
up to 48 hour.
Q Once I have had periodontal disease, can I get it again?
A Periodontal disease
is never cured. But as long as you keep up the home care you have
been taught, any further loss of bone will be very slow and it may stop
altogether. However, you must make sure you remove plaque every
day, and go for regular check ups by the dentist and hygienist. |
